In the western society naturalism is considered as the oldest philosophy. God and nature are seen as not only as two separates entities, but subordinates spirit to the matter as described by doctrine. Natural self and or real self are the main concern of naturalists. They mainly believe in the supremacy of nature. In addition, they argue that the only truth or reality in this world is nature. Nature is God as viewed by naturalists. The world is materialistic as viewed by naturalist. They believe that the material world or the world of nature is the real world. in other words, nature is the main source of knowledge. Human life is also a part of nature and is controlled entirely by external laws of nature. Nature is the source for the existence of everything in this world.
Under the natural laws the physical, mechanical and biological forces acts upon it. Such factors results in man and universe. With the unique and systematic process of nature, human being has evolved from the lower form of life. With the help of force of energy triumphed in nature man has gradually been in the process of development and growth. Human being’s natural endowment, including his instincts; emotions are behaviors are the guiding force of all his conduct.
Charles Darwin believes that the aim of education is to prepare or train individual to struggle for their existence in order to insure his survival. It needs to help the learner to be able to adjust physically and mentally to changing scenarios of life. Education should be aimed for developing a child’s physical, mental and social structure. Further, it should be aimed for a balanced structure so that he can learn to survive. When man is directed by the laws and moral of his own nature rather than the other social institutions like schools and natural surroundings are the most important factors for that child’s education. Its main implication is that child should know about nature and needs to be in touch with nature which allows him to develop his own identical skills and capabilities.
The main criticism of this aspect is that it ignores the spiritual aspect off child’s personality by denying the need for his development and growth. Further it undermines the lecturer’s roles by placing him behind the scene and they only play as a facilitator, which does not work out in this real world.
0 comments:
Post a Comment